Structural Requirements for Efficient Phosphorylation of Nucleotide Analogs by Human Thymidylate Kinase

Structural requirements for efficient phosphorylation of nucleotide analogs by human thymidylate kinase.

Successive phosphorylation of nucleoside analog prodrugs to their triphosphate forms is required for the pharmacological activity of these compounds in the chemotherapeutic treatment of viral infections and cancer. Human thymidylate kinase (TMPK), apart from its essential physiological role in the biosynthesis of TTP, is also required for the activation of thymidine analogs, such as the clinica...

Structural basis for efficient phosphorylation of 3'-azidothymidine monophosphate by Escherichia coli thymidylate kinase.

The crystal structures of Escherichia coli thymidylate kinase (TmpK) in complex with P1-(5'-adenosyl)-P5-(5'-thymidyl)pentaphosphate and P1-(5'-adenosyl)P5-[5'-(3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine)] pentaphosphate have been solved to 2.0-A and 2.2-A resolution, respectively. The overall structure of the bacterial TmpK is very similar to that of yeast TmpK. In contrast to the human and yeast TmpKs, which...

Structural and chemical requirements for histidine phosphorylation by the chemotaxis kinase CheA.

The CheA histidine kinase initiates the signal transduction pathway of bacterial chemotaxis by autophosphorylating a conserved histidine on its phosphotransferase domain (P1). Site-directed mutations of neighboring conserved P1 residues (Glu-67, Lys-48, and His-64) show that a hydrogen-bonding network controls the reactivity of the phospho-accepting His (His-45) in Thermotoga maritima CheA. In ...

Phosphorylation of 4’-thio-arabinofuranosylcytosine and its analogs by human deoxycytidine kinase

Structural basis for the efficient phosphorylation of AZT-MP (3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine monophosphate) and dGMP by Plasmodium falciparum type I thymidylate kinase.

Plasmodium falciparum is the causative agent of malaria, a disease where new drug targets are required due to increasing resistance to current anti-malarials. TMPK (thymidylate kinase) is a good candidate as it is essential for the synthesis of dTTP, a critical precursor of DNA and has been much studied due to its role in prodrug activation and as a drug target. Type I TMPKs, such as the human ...